Learn sanskrit 10 ( grammar - Sandhi)

Every language has a set of sounds that is used to make words and sentences. Usually, the sounds are quite easy to pronounce, especially for native speakers. But even though the sounds might be easy to say when they're separate, it can be quite difficult to say some of them when they're put together, especially when speaking quickly! Sanskrit speakers faced these exact problems, and they did what people everywhere did with their own languages: in one place or another, they started to simplify their pronunciation. These simplifications did not happen everywhere, but they certainly did in ordinary speech. The early Sanskrit grammarians, trying to study their own language and preserve it for the future, gave a single name to the set of all of these changes: sandhi.

अ  आ	अ	आ
इ  ई	ए (अ +इ  )	ऐ  (आ +इ )
उ   ऊ	ओ  (अ +उ )	औ   (आ +ऊ )
त्र   त्र	आर  (अ +त्र  )	आर  (आ +त्र )
ल्र ल्र	अल  (अ +ल्र )	आल  (आ +ल्र )

Common Vowel Sandhis 

1.  Two similar simple vowels coming together are replaced by their long form:
   

i)  अ  आ  + अ आ -- आ 

 माला +  अस्ति  मलास्ति , 
(mala+asti--- malaasti)

Now lets us see some examples in the same topic

१. विद्या + आलय         ----  विद्यालय 
  (vidya+aalaya-- vidyaalay)

२ देव + आलय             ----  देवालय 
   (dev+aalay-- devalaya)

३. न्यालय                   ---- न्याय + आलय    
 (nyaalay-- nya+aalay)

ii)  ई इ  +इ ई ---- ई 

बोधति+इति                ----- बोधतीति


examples)

कवीश्वर:                    ------ कवी + ईश्वरः (kaveeshvarah-- kavi+eeshvarah)

कपिईन्द्र :                 ------  कपि + इन्द्रः (kapeendrah---kapi+endrah)

iii)  उ,ऊ, +उ, ऊ --------- ऊ 

  examples )

  अनु + उत्तम     ------ अनूतम  (anu+uttam-- anuutam)

  

   वधु+ उत्त्सवः    ----- वदूत्सव  (vadhu+utsavah-- vaduutsavah)

apart from these lets see some more formulas to understand and learn sandhi much more easily,normally we need to remember these formula but once if we learn basic sanskrit then these formulas  will not need any explanation...... 

इ ई + अ ---- य 

examples )

इति + अर्थः    ------ इत्यर्थः 

देवी+अहम्     ------ देव्यहम 

उ ऊ +अ   --- व् 

example )

त्रिशु +अपि ----- त्रिश्वपी 

ए=  अय  , ऐ= आय , ओ = अव् , औ  =आव् 

ने + अन्नम    ---------- नयनं 

नै + अकः       ----------  नायकः 

भो + अनम    ----------- भवनं 

नौ + औ         ----------- नावो:

The next is very important and very oftenly used 

ए  or ओ  +अ   = ए or एs  or ओs  

मुने + अत्र               -------- मुनेsत्र 

पुरषो आगछत       -------- पुरुशोsग्च्छत 

These were some important and basics sandhi rules ,   now  we will learn sandhi from the lessons or stories or poems in upcomming posts.....