learn sanskrit 2

learn sanskrit - 2

Now in this post we will learn how to frame sentences, before that we need to learn some words for framing sentences, below are some simple words for framing sentences:-

Sanskrit  words	Meaning
फलं Phalam	Fruit
पुष्पं   Pushpam	Flowers
बालकः  Balakah	Boy
बालिका  Balika	Girl
छात्रः  Chatrah	Students
अद्यपिका Adyapika	Teacher
पश्तु  Pashtu	See
पिबतु Pibhatu	Sea
खादतु  Khadatu	Eat
गछतु  Gachtu	Go

Now let us frame sentences from these words:-

1.   अहं  फलं  खादामि 

      Aham phalam khadami

      I am eating a  fruit

2.  सा  पुष्पं  धारयति 

      saa pushpam dharayti

     She is wearing flowers

3.  बालकः  अनम खादति 

     Balakah anam khadati

     A boy is eating food

4.  बालिका  जलं  पिबति 

     Balika jalam pibhadati

     A girl is drinking water

5. अहं  समुद्रे  गछामि 

    aham samudre gachami 

    I am going inside the see

6. अद्यपिक  पाठं पाठयति 

    adyapika patam patayati

    teacher is teaching a lesson

7. छात्रः  पठन्ति  

    chatrah patanti

    Students are reading

now let us watch three different cases for framing sentences 

अहं (me) Aham	त्वं (you) Tavam	वयं (we) Vyam
पठामि  Patami	पठतु Pathatu	पठामः  Pathamah
गछामि  Ghachami	गछतु  Ghachatu	गचामः Gachamah
पिबामि  Pibhami	पिबतु  Pibhatu	पिबामः Pibham

CASE 1

So now let us understand when  we are using अहं  (me) then the noun should always end in "मि "  ("mi")

(Note:- This rule may change when using in grammar )

eg) अहं  पाठं  पठामि

eg) aham patam patami

      I am reading a book

CASE 2

 

But when we are indicating a other person that is त्वं  (you) the noun will end in "तु " ("tu")

(Note:- This rule may change when using in grammar )

eg) त्वं  पाठं  पठतु

     tavam patam patatu 

      you  read a book 

CASE 3

when we are indicating many people that is वयं  (we all ) then the noun will end in "मह " ("mah")

(Note:- This rule may change when using in grammar )

eg)      वयं  पाठं  पठामः 

           vyam patham pathamah 

           We are reading a book

now lets translate some sentences from english to sanskrit 

 

My name is my Rahul

मम नाम राहुल 

mam naam Rahul

He is drinking water

सः जलं पिबति 

Sah jalam ppibathi

I am going to   school

अहं  विध्यालयं गछामि 

aham vidhyalayam gachami

We are swimming 

वयं  तरामः

vyam taramah

That is a Horse

तद अश्वं 

tad ashvam

Learn Sanskrit - 1

Sanskrit is the combination of  all languages . There are many words in Hindi  which are similar in sanskrit.

Here the few  list of words in hindi as same as sanskrit:-

Hindi	Sanskrit	Meaning in English
नाम Naam	नामः Namah	Name
शत्रु Shatru	शत्रुः Shatruh	Enemy
स्वग्त Swagat	स्वगतम् Swagatam	Welcome
धन्यवाद Dhanyavad	धन्यवादं Dhanyavadam	Thank you
जल Jal	जलं Jalam	Water

These are some of the words similarly there are many others words too . 

Now let us see how to learn sanskrit 

As we use A b c d in English for framing words similarly for reading and writting we in sanskrit we use the following:

Consonants (व्यंजन)

Numerals

Now let us see some simple words in sanskrit with their meaning

अहं Aham	Me
सः sah	He
साः Saah	She
पठति Pathai	Reading/ book
पाठं Patam	Lessons

Now lets frame few sentences from these 5 words :-

1.  अहं  पाठं  पठामि 

   

   (aham patham pathami)

  

   I am reading a book

2.  सः   पठति

    (sah  pathati)

  

    He is reading 

3.  साः  न  पठति 

    (saah na pathathi)

    She is not reading.

Sanskrit- Introduction

WHERE DID IT BEGIN?

Sanskrit (saṃskṛtā; meaning 'perfected', 'refined', or 'polished') is the ancient sacred language of India. An official language of India, it is believed to be the oldest language of the world. There are still hundreds of millions of people who use Sanskrit in their daily lives, but despite these numbers, its cultural worth is unsurpassed.

The origin of Sanskrit can be accredited to the Vedic society. Vedic Sanskrit is believed to date back to the 2nd millennium BC, when knowledge was handed down through the generations verbally.

Mystic traditions of India ascribe a wholly sacred origin to the language, describing it as the language of the gods. When westerners began to take serious interest in the language some two hundred years ago, Sir William Jones, a British judge and orientalist, noted that Sanskrit possessed vocabulary and grammatical structures very similar to many other languages, including Greek, Latin, and even English. This discovery gave rise to the study of comparative linguistics, which groups the languages of the world into families. Sanskrit, along with about half of the world's languages, is a member of the Indo-European language family. This family has many branches and sub-divisions. Linguists place Sanskrit among the Indic languages of the Indo-Iranian branch. What common source may have given rise to this wide variety of related languages is entirely hidden by the mists of time.
  
HOW DID IT BEGIN?
  
By 400BC a Hindu Indian grammarian by the name of Pāṇini had formally recorded rules of Sanskrit grammar. This is known as the Ashtadhyayi (Aṣṭādhyāyī).

The Ashtadhyayi consists of eight chapters, each divided into four sections, or ‘padas’. It characterises the difference between the language of the sacred texts and that of common street language. 3,959 rules of Sanskrit morphology have been set out, much in the way of a mathematical function, to define the basic elements of the language including sentence structure, vowels, consonants, nouns, and verbs. Pāṇini’s work is still used in the teaching of Sanskrit today.

Classical Sanskrit, as opposed to its more archaic ancestor Vedic Sanskrit, was in its height in the centuries AD. From it came a vast body of philosophical, scientific and religious knowledge, as well as Hindu scriptures and classical literature. These include works such as the Gita and Ramayana.
The Vedic Sanskrit is to Classical Sanskrit as Chaucer's English is to Shakespeare's English.